Jesus and Mary Essay Example for Free

Jesus and Mary Essay During the most recent forty years, there has been an expanded want among Catholics and different Christians to examine the philosophical places that have isolated us. The Catholic Church’s lessons on Mary have been an essential component in the conversations that have occurred. There are numerous cheerful indications of shared comprehension, including another thankfulness for the Scriptural and Patristic introductions of Mary, just as the works, instructions and songs of the Reformers on Mary. There is a superior comprehension of what the Catholic Church really educates about Mary just as a superior increase by Catholics of the philosophical inquiries that are raised by different Christians in regards to Mary. In this condition, researchers from various conventions have reflected upon Mary’s job as a partner of God in salvation history just as her job in the Communion of Saints. One exceptionally huge exertion has been that of four Lutheran, four non-Lutheran Protestants and four Catholic Biblical Scholars, which created the book, Mary in the New Testament, (New York: Paulist, 1978). Other important ecumenical takes a shot at Mary have been: Mary for All Christians by the Anglican scholar, John Macquarrie (1990); Mary as the centuries progressed, talks of the prominent researcher Jaroslav Pelikan, at Yale University (1996); Mary is for Everyone, papers given at four International Congresses of the Ecumenical Society of the Blessed Virgin Mary (1997); and Blessed One, Protestant Perspectives on Mary, altered by Beverly Roberts Gaventa and Cynthia L. Rigby. In reconsidering the compositions of the first Reformers, researchers have revealed more compassion among the Reformers with respect to Mary than succeeding ages may have had, as the divisions solidified between what was Catholic and what was Protestant. Catholics and Protestants may be astounded to learn of Martin Luther’s adoration for Mary, as can be found in his Commentary on the Magnificat, written in 1521. Somewhere in the range of 1983 and 1990, Catholics and Lutheran scholars met to talk about the issues identified with mediation, the holy people and Mary. The rundown of these conversations was distributed inThe One Mediator, the Saints, and Mary: Lutherans and Catholics in Dialog VII (1992); Since 1937, Protestant ministers and Catholic clerics from France and Switzerland have led a progressing exchange on ecumenical issues. At first, they initially met at the Cistercian convent of Notre Dame des Dombes, twenty miles north of Lyons, from which came the name of the gathering. By and by the gathering comprises of twenty Lutheran or Reformed ministers and twenty Catholic clerics. They are a private affiliation, which meets yearly. Throughout the years, they have given various reports on different philosophical issues. Somewhere in the range of 1991 and 1997, they thought about Mary’s job in salvation. The English release of their appearance, Mary in the Plan of God and in the Communion of Saints, was imprinted in 2002. On February 2, 2004, an archive was marked by the individuals from the Anglican-Roman Catholic International Commission (ARCIC), entitled Mary: Grace and Hope in Christ as an announcement of the commission which was then submitted to the Pontifical Commission for Promoting Christian Unity and to the Archbishop of Canterbury and the Anglican Consultative Council for additional investigation and assessment. The archive was given on May 12, 2005, to be utilized for additional examination by the chapels. It is accessible on the Vatican site (www.vatican.va) through the Pontifical Council for advancing Christian Unity. While much advancement has been made, the endeavors at discourse need to proceed. Pope John Paul II, in his Encyclical, Ut Unum Sint, has incorporated the Church’s convictions about Mary among the five regions where more full examination is required before there can be agreement in faith.[1] Two of different zones, which the Pope recognizes as rule issues, likewise identify with Marian authoritative opinion: the connection among Scripture and custom just as the job of the Magisterium in educating and defending the faith.[2] We may ask what we expect to accomplish by ecumenism. Is it arrangement by which each gathering consents to quit any trace of something to benefit obliging one another? Albeit a few people may expect this may be the procedure of ecumenism, the better methodology is to endeavor to look for God’s truth together, needing to have â€Å"the psyche of Christ.† Christian solidarity will come through unassumingly looking for the solidarity that as of now is in God.[3] Christians who acknowledge the facts of the Trinity and Incarnation must perceive that the Eternal Word was joined with human instinct in Mary. Mary was the area of the association of the awesome and human in the one Person, Jesus. Basic religious issues identified with Marian convictions: The worries of non-Catholic Christians about Mary are not related essentially to the individual of Mary in herself yet are identified with other major religious realities that filled in as the reason for the break at the hour of the Reformation. Similarly as there were contrasts among the reformers there likewise are contrasts in the religious philosophies of the different Protestant categories. There are a few key philosophical concerns which go into the conversation of Mary. Luther’s way to deal with the â€Å"Justification† of Mary: Luther sees Mary from the viewpoint of his philosophical standards by which the human individual can never be said to have any righteous quality other than confidence in the sparing intensity of Jesus. Luther’s lessons on Mary are a piece of his comprehension of the job of the holy people when all is said in done for him, in which the holy people and Mary are instances of what God can do with powerless mankind. Luther clarifies his comprehension of Mary inside his philosophy of support, underlining beauty: â€Å"Mary likewise uninhibitedly attributes all to Gods elegance, not to her legitimacy. For however she was without transgression, yet that beauty was extremely extraordinary for her to merit it in any capacity. How could an animal have the right to turn into the Mother of God?†[4] It is vital that Luther discusses her as being â€Å"without sin.† Luther dismisses the idea of legitimacy since he underlines that our support is totally crafted by effortlessness. He censures Catholic reverence of her as lifting up her thus bringing down the intensity of beauty. He focuses on that Mary doesn't need us to make a symbol of her, focusing on her legitimacy, or searching for beneficial things from her however to respect God and believe in His effortlessness. [5] The Lutherans in the Lutheran-Catholic Dialog scrutinized the act of crediting ideals other than confidence to blessed people dependent on their conviction that confidence alone legitimizes and that Christ alone makes an individual heavenly: â€Å"In Luthers article of the Magnificat, he commends Mary since she faces her circumstance by confidence alone. An endeavor to utilize Mary or another Christian to laud some other excellence than confidence brings up the issue of sabotaging living just by confidence in Christ.†[6] Luther composed: â€Å"I state Mary doesn't want to be an icon; she sits idle, God does all.†[7] Luthers alert that our consideration on Mary ought not end with her yet be coordinated to having more trust in Gods elegance may likewise be comprehended in a Catholic position. In any case, Catholics additionally credit all great to God, yet there is a distinction in that we accept that God’s effortlessness truly transforms us and empowers to be cooperators with Him in doing great, continually depending on His elegance. The Catholic situation in transit that beauty works in our lives was brought out by the Council of Trent: â€Å"Justification comprises in the absolution of sins as well as in the blessing and restoration of the internal being by a willing acknowledgment of the elegance and gifts.† [8] The Council expresses that while God’s effortlessness starts and supports any great activity, the individual can either acknowledge or deny elegance. [9] In 1998, Lutheran and Catholic pioneers marked a Joint Declaration on the Doctrine of Justification looking for a more noteworthy combination on the issues of legitimization. In the Lutheran convention, God’s activity is stressed in supporting us while our reaction is that of our human opportunity moved by grace.[10] Ifâ the acknowledgment of defense is the principal stage, a subsequent stage follows, which is the doing of salvation.[11] Luther’s reflection on Mary’s refinement in the sanctuary is utilized by the Dombes Group to find Mary’s great activities inside the experience of being as of now ‘justified.’ Luther composed: She was purified†¦although she was not limited by that law and didn't should be purified†¦. She was not defended by this work, yet being upright she did it openly and readily. So additionally our works ought to be done, not that we might be supported by them, since, being advocated already by confidence, we should so all things uninhibitedly and euphorically for others.†[12] The Dombes Group appears to perceive Mary’s ‘cooperation,’ in the event that it is seen inside the point of view of support by confidence. It was on the grounds that Mary had been supported by elegance alone and in confidence, that she could be related with God’s work in Christ. Her ‘cooperation’ was interesting as to the idea of what she did, for she was the mother of Jesus and raised him. She coordinated in the one of a kind and widespread occasion of salvation. In any case, from the perspective of structure of her status, her ‘cooperation’ was not unique in relation to that of each individual legitimized by effortlessness. It was totally the product of the beauty of God.[13] As Catholics, we would underscore both the finesse of God in a decent activity just as human opportunity going about as it is supported by effortlessness. Our collaboration is never discrete from God’s help. Issue of human participation with God: Karl Barth, from the Reformed or Calvinist viewpoint, distinguishes the Catholic lessons on Mary as the

Advantages and limitations of research methodology

Favorable circumstances and impediments of research system This section clarifies about the exploration system utilized in this task. It tells about the focal points and impediments of the technique chose. The technique utilized around here task is Case Study examine system. Contextual analysis endeavors to portray connections that exist as a general rule, for the most part in a solitary association. Contextual investigation relies upon the methodology of the individual leading examination, the information gathered and the logical strategy utilized. Reality can be found in definite way by scientist, than it is conceivable through investigation or overviews, with the examination of more factors. This examination approach is a helpful strategy as new thoughts and speculations can be fabricated and tried. Contextual investigation examination gives a chance to consider the subtleties in its normal settings. By utilizing contextual investigation examination, scientist can ask ‘how’ and ‘why’ inquiries so as to comprehend the unpredictability of every single procedure occurring. Contextual investigation examination gives various techniques to gather information and assemble data from any individuals, gathering or associations. For this situation study look into philosophy, the kind of information utilized for inquire about object is optional information. Auxiliary information is some type of existing data that is as of now gathered for some reason. Auxiliary information can be gathered by methods for library look into. The benefit of utilizing auxiliary information is that the information has been as of now gathered and the scientist can straightforwardly utilize the effectively gathered information. Another favorable position of utilizing auxiliary information is the profundity of subtleties accessible. Additionally the information assortment process in auxiliary information is performed by specialists and experts so the subtleties present in it will be precise and definite. This task analyzes the Customer Relationship Management and how it impacts the organisation’s maintainability and solidness. For the situation study examination, the significance of Customer Relationship Management is unmistakably comprehended. Additionally the contextual analysis of eBay is broke down and researched. Writing REVIEW This section looks at the most applicable and current writing on E-Business and E-trade and the procedure of Customer Relationship Management. It additionally looks at the significance of Customer Relationship Management to improve firm’s execution. This business venture has been drawn from a scope of hypothetical works. This part will likewise recognize the significant zones corresponding to the goals of this undertaking utilizing the accompanying written works: E-BUSINESS AND E-COMMERCE: According to (Adnam, R.Z. 2003), in the rising worldwide economy, web based business and e-business have progressively become a vital segment of business system and a solid imp etus for financial turn of events. E-Business is about the utilization of web by any association to sell or trade their items and administrations to make benefits. E-Business is characterized as the composed exertion of people to deliver and sell, for a benefit, items and administrations that fulfill society’s needs through the offices accessible on the web (Canzer, B. et. al., 2003). Web based business is the utilization of electronic correspondence diverts and preparing information in the advanced organization for any kind of business exercises that make esteem. Online business is the utilization of the web and the web to execute business; all the more officially, carefully empowered business exchanges between and among associations and people (Laudon and Traver, 2007). Web based business is the utilization of electronic correspondence and computerized data preparing innovation in business exchanges to make, change and rethink connections for esteem creation (Adnam, R.Z. 20 03). The utilization of E-Commerce has changed the manner in which the business is occurring and has changed the manner in which the association handles its clients and rivals. . Electronic trade can possibly fundamentally change some monetary exercises and encompassing social condition (Wyckoff and Colecchia, 1999). Online business is quickly reshaping the manner in which organizations rival their rivals trying to obtain a more noteworthy piece of the overall industry (Chou, 2001).

Business Writing is Easier Than You Think

Business Writing is Easier Than You Think Letters, memos, business plans, technical papers, presentations, reports, meeting summaries, agendas â€" whatever your business communication, the first rule is Dont panic! Writing for business can be easy and, yes, even fun, if you just take the time to plan before you write.Whats the purpose of your message?Are you writing a letter to request more information about a product or service? Are you enclosing a cover letter with your resume? Did your supervisor ask you to prepare a presentation for the next sales meeting? Does your class assignment include creating a business plan? No matter the situation, you first must determine the reason for your message.Who is your reader?Once you know your purpose, picture the person(s) who will be reading your message. A teacher? Another student? A business owner? Your boss? Identifying the recipient of your message will allow you to choose words and phrases that will be meaningful and understandable to your reader, so that your reader reacts fav orably. Consider education, position, age, gender, interests and other demographic and psychographic details that might affect how your message is received.How can you make your message complete and accurate?Research the most recent and reliable sources to collect information for your message. Sources might include the library, colleagues, company files, other students experience, or the Internet. Use your general intelligence and common sense to filter the information that should be included, and keep in mind that your goal is to be factual and to provide all the details that your reader needs to understand and process your written communication.Its time to do an outline!An outline gives you a working framework from which to write your final message. It doesnt have to be fancy or even typed as long as it organizes your material and thoughts in a logical manner, based on the purpose, reader and information you have collected.For example, if your reader is expected to be pleased and interested in your message:Opening â€" Present your idea. You dont have to prepare your reader for your message.Middle â€" Include details.Closing â€" Close with a positive, friendly conclusion.If, on the other hand, your reader is expected to be displeased or uninterested:Opening â€" Present an idea that is either neutral or gets the readers attention.Middle â€" Give evidence to convince the reader of benefits.Closing â€" Close with a positive, friendly conclusion and, if required, state action to be taken by the reader.Choosing the right wordsTo communicate clearly, choose words that result in clear, concise, correct, descriptive and complete thoughts. That doesnt mean that you have to enhance your vocabulary with $100 words and phrases; big words dont translate into big ideas or positive reactions unless they clearly communicate your message.Use simple languageThe test of clarity is that your message is impossible to misunderstand and requires only one reading. Use short, familia r words and conversational words to make your writing clear. Your goal is to express, not to impress.Be conciseSay what you have to say in the fewest words possible. Open with a short, strong, attention-getting paragraph; your reader wants to know right away what this message is about. Eliminate meaningless or irrelevant words and phrases that may hinder the reader from getting to the main point. Then, when youre ready to close, close! Some examples of wordy vs. concise phrases include:Wordy: A long period of timeConcise: A long timeWordy: Contact you by telephoneConcise: Call youWordy: In the event thatConcise: IfWordy: It is probable thatConcise: ProbablyWordy: With this letter, I am enclosingConcise: Enclosed isWordy: Your check in the amount ofConcise: Your check forWordy: Due to the fact thatConcise: BecauseWordy: Please do not hesitate toConcise: PleaseWordy: At the present timeConcise: NowUse correct EnglishYou owe it to yourself and your reader to use correct grammar, spelli ng and punctuation. Incorrect writing is distracting and undermines the readers confidence in your competence and accuracy.Use specific descriptive words and phrasesAppeal to your readers senses while you make your message clear and interesting by providing a mental picture:(Vague and boring) The biology class went on a field trip.(Clearer and more interesting) Mrs. Adams biology class went to the Museum of Natural History to study wild animal habitats.Create an appropriate toneThe least important word you can use in any business writing is I. At the beginning of a letter or paragraph, avoid starting with I when you can just as easily begin with an introductory phrase or sentence related to your reader. Your attitude when writing should always be positive, friendly and sincere, no matter the subject. To ensure that your messages impart an appropriate tone (the way the message sounds to the reader):Consider the readers desires (instead of I cannot ship your order until July 15, write Your order will be shipped on July 15.).Show sincerity (instead of Thank you for your order, write Thank you for ordering the Officemate Desk Chair; we know you will appreciate the extra comfort and functionality.).Show courtesy (instead of You have been added to our list of satisfied customers, write We are pleased to have you as a new customer).Select positive words (instead of Unfortunately, the warranty on your lawnmower has expired; however, we will repair it and charge you for parts, write We will be happy to repair your lawnmower. Your only charge will be for parts as your warranty has expired.).If you are struggling with your business writing, let common sense prevail.You cant produce successful business communications without thoughtful preparation and adherence to the rules of English â€" common-sense strategies for everything you write. If the only guidelines you follow are the ones on this page, youll be well on your way to impressing your readers with your command of b usiness writing skills.

Siddhartha and The Alchemist comparison essay - 1461 Words

ENGLISH ISU ESSAY Every individual’s life is a journey. There are different stages in life that one goes through and by experiencing these different stages of life one becomes wiser. In the novel, Siddhartha and The Alchemist the protagonist Siddhartha and Santiago both go through man different stages in life which made them grow, learn and transform into wiser people. Both protagonists go on a journey which is eventually the same but the purpose of journey is different. Similarly, both protagonist struggles through their journey to become a wiser people. However, the end result for both protagonists was the same which is†¦show more content†¦I could only deceive it†¦..I am Siddhartha; and about nothing in the world do I know less than about myself, about Siddhartha† (Hesse, 38). Siddhartha struggles not knowing what to do, where to go and who he was. Siddhartha was trapped in a cycle of losing and regaining his self. â€Å"You have observed well, you have seen everything. You have seen Siddhartha, the son of Brahmin. Who left his home to become a Samana and who has been Samana for three years. But now, I have left that path and came into this city, and the first one I met, even before I had entered the city, was you. To say this, I have come to you, oh Kamala! You are the first woman whom Siddhartha is not addressing with his eyes turned to the ground. Never again will I love my eyes when I meet a beautiful women† (Hesse, 53). Things suddenly changes after meeting Kamala. Siddhartha starts getting involved in the things that he was once against which are pleasure and money. He struggles and works hard in-order to impress Kamala. In the same way, Santiago faces numerous obstacles along his journey as well. On his journey when Santiago arrives in tangier, he meets a boy who is his age who speaks Spanish and offered to help him get to the pyramids. When they were about to leave the bar owner grabs Santiago and tells him something. â€Å"The b oy push the owner aside and pulls Santiago outside with him† and tells him that â€Å"the owner wanted Santiago’s money† (Coelho, 37). But the owner of the bar was

The Self-Serving Bias Essay - 624 Words

In this comic strip by Matt Groening, the main character, Bongo, is being picked on by another character that is telling him that everyone in the world hates your guts. Generally, most individuals perceive their selves as being better than average. We are familiar with our own talents, thoughts, feelings, and emotions more so than anybody elses. This leads to a self-serving bias. In the comic, Bongo reassures himself of his greatness until he looks in the mirror. The mirror causes Bongo to be more self-aware of his uncertainty. I chose this particular comic not only because it illistrates the self-serving bias, but also because of the way it incorporates the mirror and Bongos self-awareness. The text defines self-serving bias as†¦show more content†¦If an undesirable action cannot be forgotten or undone, then often it is justified. Social psychological research has established, that our past actions influence our current attitudes. Every time we act, we increase the idea behind what we have done, especially when we feel some responsibility for having committed the act. In experiments, people who oppress someone, take the Stanford prison simulation by Dr. Phillip Zimbardo for example, tend later to criticize their victim. The self-serving bias is universal. Even education does not eliminate this bias. Lets discuss some elements of the self-serving bias. First individuals often seem to have an unrealistic optimism. You can call this the It wont happen to me attitude. Optimism predisposes a positive approach to life. Sometimes this unrealistic optimism can make an individual seem larger than life. For example, students who are overconfident tend to under prepare. Another example of unrealistic optimism can be seem in newly weds. Most couples marry feeling confident of long term love when in reality half of all marriages fail. The false consensus effect is the tendency to overestimate the commonality of ones opinions and ones undesirable or unsuccessful behaviors. When we behave badly or fail in a task we reassure ourselves by thinking that such mistakes are common. Individuals presume that others have the sameShow MoreRelatedThe Theory Of Self Serving Bias1072 Words   |  5 Pageswill explain the concept of self-serving bias and provide examples of how we use self- serving bias in our daily lives. Two articles will be presented in this paper showing how researchers suggested the presence of self-serving attributional bias with people making more internal, stable, and global attributions for positive events, rather than for negative events. The second article will discuss how emotions, judgement, and attributions influence the self-serving bias. The methods used, and researchingRead MoreAttribution Error And Self Serving Bias2175 Words   |  9 Pagesanything such as, behavior of others or self, in order to make the world more foreseeable. But those explanations could involve bias and often incorrect. Two errors of attribution is the fundamental attribution error and self-serving bias. Fundamental attribution error (FAE) is the tendency of an observer to overestimate the influence of personal dispositional factors and underestimate the influence of situational factors causes for behavior. And self-serving bias (SSB) is the tendency to attribute successesRead MoreHuman Beings Use Self Serving Bias1878 Words   |  8 Pagesuse self-serving bias within our daily lives, and explain why we tend to identify, or focus on our successes, and refuse to acknowledge or own up to our failures. The question here is why do we as individuals tend to avoid, blame, or ignore the inadequacies within our lives. Many researchers â€Å"believed that our emotions played a role in self-serving bias†, and many studies were conducted to â€Å"determine how emotions, judgement, and attributions†, can strongly influence us into self-serving bias. AttributionRead MoreThis Essay Will Cover Topics On Psychopathology, Conformity1645 Words   |  7 PagesThis essay will cover topics on Psychopathology, conformity as an effective behavioral response, as well as touch on three different bias, the self-centered bias, the unassuming bias, and the group-serving bias. Psychopathology is defined as the origin of mental disorders, the symptoms they reveal them selves as, and how they develop. In this essay, I will be going over 2 perspectives on Psychopathology. They are the Relativist Perspective, and the Universalist Perspective. The Relativist PerspectiveRead MoreIs It Possible That We Focus Too Much On Heightening Children s Self Esteem? Essay774 Words   |  4 Pagestoo much on heightening children’s self-esteem? Are there any hazards? Describe them and suggest alternatives. I believe it is possible that we focus too much on heightening children’s self-esteem. From my perspective, I would only heightening children’s self-esteem to build self-confidence, help children to be able to discover their true identity, and prevent negativity of children’s self-worth. The hazards could be the result of children to become too self-love, or become arrogant, which couldRead MoreErrors in Attribution1404 Words   |  6 PagesDiscuss two errors in attributions Attribution bias is the illogical reasoning behind people’s decisions about one’s own and others’ behaviour by giving objective views on situations, it is essentially faults in a process of elucidation and can lead to errors in interpretation of our own and other’s behaviour because: a) People are ‘cognitive misers’ – we do not examine all the evidence provided or we take mental shortcuts (linking to social cognition) to reach a conclusion, leading to wrongRead MoreThe Dangers Of Self Esteem948 Words   |  4 Pagesthere are many possible hazards if we focus too much on heightening the self-esteem of children. One example is that children with very high self-esteem could have a lack of motivation in regards to academic assignments and exams. They may not feel the need to study or put in the work to try their best due to the fact that they have the mentality of â€Å"I’m so smart, so I don’t need to study.† Another example is that high self-esteem could lead children to losing respect towards authority. When childrenRead MoreBarriers to Critical Thinking941 Words   |  4 Pagesfrom thinking critically, even though you may not be aware of it. Though there are more barriers that inhibit critical thinking then I can coun t on my fingers and toes, some familiar and popular barriers one may face are egotistical thinking, self-serving bias, and of course, emotional influences. The Ego Defense â€Å"Ego Defenses are psychological coping strategies that distort reality in order to protect ourselves from anxiety, guilt, and other bad feelings† (Goodpastor amp; Kirby, 2007, ChapterRead MoreAttribution Theory On The Decision Making Process Of Tom And Amy1228 Words   |  5 Pagestend to manipulate their behaviours, such as eye contact, smiling, gesture, to impress interviewers. In this interview scenario, three biases may affect decision making and selection made by Tom and Amy are the confirmation bias, anchoring bias and stereotyping. Conformation bias is the tendency to seek out information that reaffirms past choices and to discount information that contradict past judgement. (Robbins, Judge, Millet Boyle, 2011). In the case of Greg, as Tom already has the opinion ofRead MoreHow Do People Explain Their Own And Other People s Behavior?1444 Words   |  6 Pagesbehaviour is the motivated tactician explanation. This is the explanation that we sometimes apply logical thought â€Å"in the interests of adaptability and accuracy, and sometimes [the motivated tactician chooses] defensively, in the interests of speed or self-esteem† (Fiske Taylor, 2013, p. 13). For example, we may be more motivated to attempt to explain the behaviour of ourselves and those close to us than the behaviour of acquaintances, because the latter is of less importance and rel evance to us; trying

The Brand Before Revitalization Free Essays

The brand before revitalization (Part A) Brand: Hui Lau Shan (Local Dessert Chain) History of Hui Lau Shan Hui Lau Shan ( ) is a famous chain of dessert shops based in Hong Kong. It specializes in dessert soups, snacks and desserts. Hui Lau Shan is well known for its use of mango in its products. We will write a custom essay sample on The Brand Before Revitalization or any similar topic only for you Order Now The first shop opened in Yuen Long, New Territories in the 1960s. It was known for its turtle jelly and herbal teas. However, Hui Lau Shan emphasizes its fruit desserts and snacks. Since the 1990s, the chain has expanded. Moreover, it has focused on the mainland market. Logo Hui Lau Shan’s logo is a letterform that is readable. The logo just is the brand`s name, Hui Lau Shan ( ). It is use of Chinese Calligraphy that can show its long history. A majority of herbal tea shops are used to use the same form to design their logo. It is costly to promote its brand because there is a heavy visual competition. On the other, the use of Chinese calligraphy may be too old fashioned for young customers. It cannot attract young guy`s attention. However, other desserts shops have realized this truth, such as Honeymoon Dessert ( ). Its logo is more fashionable and seems to be smart. Problems: 1. Use of Chinese calligraphy is old-fashioned design. 2. The logo has never had representative characteristics. Solution: 1. Using a new font style, such as Cooper Black. Cooper Black is commonplace in the food packaging and logo of some food products. It can get up customer`s appetite. 2. Designing a special symbol that is a shape of mango. It is a representation of its mango desserts. Target customers Its target customers are kids and young people who like to eat desserts. When they feel thirsty, they prefer to buy a drink, likes cool mango dessert soup. In the same case, the middle-age people and the elderly will prefer to buy a bottle of water. They don`t like the sweet taste and pay more attention to their health. The brand after revitalization (Part B) Brand: Hui Lau Shan (Local Dessert Chain) Logo and logotype: First of all, I select the use of combination mark that includes symbol and logo. The left logo (Chinese version) has a shape of mango that can gain the label effect. Everyone would realize that its mango desserts are well-known and delicious. Then, I use the font style likes Cooper Black as it is commonplace in package of food products. Since 1960† shows customers that it was a long history firm. Secondly, the right that is logotype (English version) also is two shapes of mango. It gets the label effect too. The special font style can catch young customer’s attention since it is new and unique. Taglines: The first tagline is â€Å"best mango in town† that claims that the best mango desserts are totall y in Hui Lau Shan. If you want to taste the best, you have to come to Hui Lau Shan. The second is â€Å"sweet is life† that wants to promote the dessert culture. It says that eating desserts become your custom. It may like coffee culture and become a trend. Re-positioning: In order to attract more young guys, I decided to change the old-fashioned style. I prefer to use cartoon characters in some applications, such as business card, cup, paper napkin, etc. It also determined to focus on its mango desserts (main product). The signature color is yellow that is the color of mangos. The typeface is Cooper Black. Application strategy: I am going to use the new logo and logotype in business card, cup, paper napkin and making up the stores. I also designed several mango cartoon characters. They are pretty cute and active. They contribute to a fresh and younger image, and they can attract the attention of kids. Moreover, I would promote the revitalized brand through TV advertisements, promotions. At the first day, I would put a full page advertisement in the newspapers in Hong Kong. After, we will give customers some coupons and â€Å"buy 1 get 1† promotion. Conclusion: Hui Lau Shan will become a new dessert chain and be more famous in Hong Kong. In the visible future, I can see it will be the best mango desserts store in Hong Kong. It is because it more focuses on its mango and invents many new mango desserts. It has a fresh image and become more pleasing to the eyes. It help young people to accept an old shop in Hong Kong. How to cite The Brand Before Revitalization, Essay examples

Preventing Central Line Blood Stream Infections Essay Example

Preventing Central Line Blood Stream Infections Essay Preventing Central Line Blood Stream Infections 4010 Scholarly Paper LeTanya V. Cintron Huron School of Nursing 09/29/2010 There are a variety of intravascular devices used for vascular access and they are becoming more common in today’s healthcare system, mainly due to their convenience. Whether it’s a short-term triple lumen central venous catheter or an arterial catheter for hemodynamic monitoring or long term venous access for inpatient or outpatient use for fluids, TPN, chemo, home antibiotics or hemodyalisis; central venous catheters are here to stay. Their convenience and ease of access makes them almost a necessity in patient care, but at what cost? Regardless of their purpose and ease of use, it is up to us as nurses and healthcare workers to recognize when patients are at risks for infection due to venous catheter use. In this paper, I will identify guidelines to prevent blood infections from central lines. The Joint Commission has identified the prevention of central line-associated bloodstream infections as one of its safety goals. They hold importance to educating all staff and workers that are involved in managing and caring for central lines. They emphasize in infection prevention. Patient and family education is also key; especially for individuals with long term lines at home. The Joint Commission also promotes the use of a catheter checklist and a standardized protocol for central venous catheter insertion with emphasis on hand hygiene prior to catheter insertion or manipulation, use of a central line bundle, and the â€Å"use [of] a standardized protocol for sterile barrier precautions during central venous catheter insertion† (TJC, 2009). A peer reviewed article written by Maki, Kluger and Crnich, shows that higher blood stream infection rates for intra vascular devices used 100 days or less were found in surgically implanted cuffed and tunneled all-purpose CVCs, and cuffed and tunneled hemodialysis catheters (2010). We will write a custom essay sample on Preventing Central Line Blood Stream Infections specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now We will write a custom essay sample on Preventing Central Line Blood Stream Infections specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer We will write a custom essay sample on Preventing Central Line Blood Stream Infections specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer Lower blood stream infection rates were found in temporary non-cuffed hemodialysis catheters, non-cuffed but tunneled CVCs, non-cuffed and non-tunneled CVCs, peripheral subcutaneous central venous ports, central venous ports, outpatient PICCs, intra-aortic balloon pumps, chlorohexidine-silver-sulfadiazine-impregnated CVCs, inpatient PICCs, arterial catheters, midline catheters, and peripheral IV catheters to name a few (Maki, Kluger Crnich, 2010). These results differed when studying IVD’s that were used up to 1000 days. These results shower higher blood stream infections in peripheral IV catheters placed by surgical cut down, peripheral steel needles, intra-aortic balloon pumps, short-term non-cuffed hemodialysis catheters, and silver-impregnated Lower rates were now shown with non-cuffed, non-tunneled multi-lumen CVCs, inpatient PICC, arterial catheters, chlorhexidine-silver-sulfadiazine-impregnated CVCs, cuffed and tunneled all-purpose Hickman-like CVCs, long-term cuffed and tunneled hemodialysis CVCs, outpatient PICC, peripheral IV catheters, peripheral central venous subcutaneous ports, and central venous ports (Maki, Kluger Crnich, 2010). The article states that the rates of nosocomial blood stream infections are directly dependent on their clinical surveillance. â€Å"We believe that clinical surveillance data in general overestimate the true risk of catheter-related BSI with CVCs while underestimating the actual risk of IVD-related BSI with other types of IVDs because each device in use in the hospital during the surveillance period is not routinely scrutinized† (Maki, Kluger Crnich, 2010). This theory is based on their finding that hospitals report all health care associated blood stream infections as being caused by central venous catheters if they cannot find a link to a local infection which therefore leads to an overestimation of CVC related infections. However, does this mean we disregard the possibility of a CVC related blood stream infection because it may or may not have been caused by an unknown outside source? No it doesn’t. Numerous factors affect the patients risk for infection; mainly catheter location, catheter duration and method of removal. Nurses play a huge role in the care of central venous catheters, they assist in insertion, and have â€Å"primary responsibility for all aspects of central line management† (Haller Rush, 1992). Therefore, nursing interventions have to be set in place in order to assure proper care of CVC’s. First and foremost, it is hugely important to perform a thorough assessment on all patients prior to insertion of a central line. Things such as patient age, medical history and current medical treatment can predispose a patient to infection. Children and elderly patients especially are more immunocompromised than a young or middle age adult and therefore are at higher risk. Patients with diabetes, adrenal insufficiency, cancer, autoimmune diseases, transplants, radiotherapy and poor nutritional status may be immunocompromised and are also at higher risks for infection (Haller Rush, 1992). We also need to look at why and if the patient truly needs something as invasive as a central venous catheter. Can something else be done that doesn’t predispose a patient to infection? If the patient really is a candidate for a CVC then the site of the line is incredibly important in regards to prevention of infection. Sterile technique is key with central lines, and the use of central line bundles can help reduce infection. However, the number of times a line is attempted holds higher risks. You could be as sterile as possible but repeatedly attempting to insert a line decreases the likelihood that asepsis is maintained and therefore increases patient risk for infection. It is critical that we as nurses advocate for our patients, especially with repeated catherization attempts. It is also our responsibility to ensure that sterility is maintained and it is also our responsibility to speak on behalf of our patient, when is too many tries enough? If we do not look out for our patients then who will? Once the line is in, it is our responsibility to maintain sterility during dressing changes and we need to make sure there is an occlusive dressing on the site at all times and any dressing that is wet should be changed immediately (Haller Rush, 1992) In another peer reviewed article by Torricone et al, the highest rate nosocomial infections occur in intensive care units (ICUs), â€Å"and most are associated with the presence of invasive devices such as a central line† (2010). The article states that it’s expected that 25% of the patients who have central lines are expected to attract an infection because of it. These infections worsen the patient’s current condition and can eventually prove fatal. On the financial end, central line associated blood stream infections lead to much longer hospital stays which leads to higher healthcare costs, producing a domino effect that could ultimately have been prevented. The Institute for Health Improvement estimates that â€Å"forty-eight percent of ICU patients have central venous catheters, accounting for about15 million central venous catheter days per year in ICU† (2008). Of these, 18% are deaths due to Central Line Blood Stream Infections. An article by Torricone et al. peaks of a few interventions that could ultimate reduce these infections rates. Interventions such as bundles that include â€Å"both behavioral (e. g. , maximal sterile barrier precautions, catheter placement and optimal timing of replacement, surveillance, education, improved hand hygiene technique and compliance, etc. ), and technological (e. g. , use of preferred skin antiseptics such as chlorhexidine gluconate, closed infusion containers, catheter dressing s, etc. ) practices† (Torricone et al, 2010). Another intervention includes a closed infusion container with self-sealing injection ports that reduces the risk of air and organisms from entering the infusion. According to the American Association of Critical Care Nurses (AACN), a large proportion of nosocomial infections result from â€Å"cross-contamination from the hands of healthcare workers† (2005). It is important to Always wash your hands  before and after  putting on or removing gloves, direct patient contact, inserting a peripheral catheter or assisting with CVC nsertion, palpating a catheter insertion site, changing a catheter dressing, accessing the catheter to administer a medication or flush (Hadaway, 2006). The CDC also recommends the use of alcohol-based hand rubs between patient contacts instead of just hand washing alone (AACN, 2005). Always wash your hands  before and after  putting on or removing gloves, direct patient contact, inserting a peripheral catheter or assisting with CVC insertion, palp ating a catheter insertion site, changing a catheter dressing, accessing the catheter to administer a medication or flush (Hadaway, 2006). Also, change gloves  used for other patient-care tasks before you perform any infusion or catheter care tasks. The use of the Central Line Bundle is also beneficial. The bundle focuses on hand hygiene, maximal barrier precautions, chlorhexidine skin prep, optimal catheter site selection, and daily assessment of line necessity with prompt removal of unnecessary lines (Institute for Healthcare Improvement, 2008). An article written by Suzanne M. Brungs, RN, MSN, MBA, OCN, and Marta L. Render, MD, supports the use of bundles for Central Lines in an effort to reduce infections. The bundle is composed of hand hygiene, use of chlorhexidene as a skin prep prior to insertion, a full body-drape that covers the patient from head to toe, barriers such as sterile gloves, gown, masks and caps to be worn by the inserter and avoidance of using the femoral insertion site (2005). The article reports that since the implantation of these bundles, central line associated blood stream infections were reduced by at least 50% and â€Å"compliance with using evidenced-based practices increased from 30% to nearly 95%† (Brungs Render, 2005). Florence Nightingales Environmental Theory supports the Joint Commissions patient safety goal to reduce central-line related blood stream infections. She believed that the patient is affected by the environment and that the nurse acted on the patient. By controlling the environment you could control the patient’s health. Cleanliness, among other factors, in her theory, facilitated the patients healing process. This is essentially the same thing we are doing with the use of CVC bundles. By controlling our environment and maintaining sterility during insertion, management and care of central lines, we reduce the risk of infection and promote the patients well being. Good hand hygiene prevents bacteria from being passed from one patient to another, which therefore reduces risks of infection. Another theorist that supports the Joint Commissions patient safety goal is Dorothea Orem. Her self-care model states that when the patient cannot care for his/herself, it is the nurse who in turn meets the patient’s needs by acting and doing for the patient (Current Nursing, 2010). The nurse guides, teaches, supports and provides an environment that promotes patient care and health. This is the whole premise of advocacy. When the patient cannot speak for his/herself or when they aren’t knowledgeable about a specific procedure it is our duty to make sure we assume the role of patient advocate and do for the patient and teach the patient. It is up to us that the patient received optimum care. Ultimately, patients are at risk with any intra vascular device but there are steps that we can take to minimize risks for infection. Many national efforts today are aimed to reduce the risk of blood stream infections related to central lines. I believe that infection control programs must strive to apply universal and consistent control measures and prevention tips with all types of CVC’s. There is no doubt they are here to stay but it is essential that all healthcare providers are given the tools necessary to ensure patient safety and satisfaction. There is no excuse for an infection. We must advocate and we must strive to protect our entire patient population. References American Association of Critical Nurses. (9/2005). AACN practice alert: Preventing catheter elated blood stream infections. Retrieved from http://www. aacn. org/WD/Practice/Docs/Preventing_Catheter_Related_Bloodstream_Infections_9-2005. pdf Brungs, S. M. , Render, M. L.. (2005). Using evidenced-based practice to reduce central line infections. Clinical Journal of Oncology Nursing, 10(6), 723-25. Hadaway, L. C.. (2006). Keeping central li ne infection at bay. Nursing 2006, 36(4), 58-64. Haller, L. T. , Rush, K. L.. (1992). Central line infection: a review. Journal of Clinical Nursing, 1, 61-66. Institute for Healthcare Improvement. (2008). Prevention of central line-associated bloodstream infection. Retrieved from http://www. hi. org/NR/rdonlyres/01E7F0ED-EEDE-41BA-ABB0-982405602158/0/cli. pdf Maki, D. G. , Kluger, D. M. , Crnich, C. J.. (2006). The risk of bloodstream infection in adults with different intravascular devices: A systemic review of 200 published studies. Mayo Clinic Proceedings, 81(9), 1159-71. Nursing theorists: A companion to nursing theories and models. (2010). Retrieved from http://currentnursing. com/nursing_theory/nursing_theorists. html The Joint Commission. (2009). Accreditation program: Hospital national patient safety goals. Retrieved from http://scholar360. com/cchs/media/user/1341/Joint%20Commission%202010%20NPSGs_3. pdf